It can be challenging to understand the difference between aerobic and anaerobic training.
While the words themselves are very similar, the difference between these two training methodologies is vast.
This article will explain the difference between the two in order to help you broaden your knowledge of energy system training.
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The difference between aerobic and anaerobic training is the fuel source. Aerobic training uses oxygen to create ATP to power the lungs and muscles. Anaerobic training is more intense and demands a faster energy source. Therefore, the body produces and then uses lactate as its fuel source, fed by glycogen.
In the gym, these types of training look very different. Aerobic work is sustainable in nature, often longer and slower, while anaerobic training is unsustainable in nature, and very fast and powerful.
Aerobic Training |
Anaerobic Training |
2 Sets: 15 Minute Airbike @ 50 RPM 10 Minutes Rest |
100m Row all out x 10 sets, 2 minutes between – Damper 5 |
Aerobic training is exercise that builds the aerobic system and develops the efficiency of the lungs, muscles, and blood.
It primarily uses oxygen as fuel. This type of training is long, slow, and always sustainable. Examples include a 60-minute walk or bike at a conversational pace and shorter mixed modal or cyclical intervals at a repeatable pace.
Aerobic training improves how efficiently one can produce energy.
In all forms of movement, the aerobic system is activated at some level. Therefore, a robust aerobic system prepares one for all other types of movements.
Cyclical Aerobic Session
Mixed Modal Aerobic Session
Anaerobic training is any exercise done without the presence of oxygen. This type of exercise primarily uses lactate as a fuel source. It is defined by efforts that are at an unsustainable level of work and with the presence of lactate. Lactate is the byproduct of intense work and will begin to accumulate at a significant level as intense efforts are extended out beyond 15-20 seconds.
(Coach's Resource: Learn how to create anaerobic workouts in this free course.)
There are three main benefits of anaerobic training.
Mixed Modal Anaerobic Training
Everyone can benefit from aerobic training. As mentioned earlier, a robust aerobic system has a variety of benefits and will improve anyone’s performance and function in their daily lives or goal-oriented fitness journeys.
Anaerobic training is only appropriate for specific intermediate to advanced clients who are strong enough to express it.
When considering who to program anaerobic training for, the function of the individual must be considered. Anaerobic training is most relevant for mixed modal athletes, some sports performance, and for specific occupations that need to be able to tolerate high levels of stress.
Due to its short and intense nature, it is tempting to utilize this type of training for general population clients who have limited time to train. However, if incorrectly performed, this type of training can detract from health and longevity and burn clients out quickly. It is not recommended for general population clients who want long-term and consistent results.
Anaerobic training is a powerful tool when used correctly.
But how do you know if high-intensity training is right for your client’s goals?
Moreover, once you begin the training program, how do you progress it over time while avoiding burnout?
Sign up for this free course and learn when to use anaerobic training, and when to avoid it. Through course videos and a downloadable guide, you’ll develop a systematic and smart approach to progressing intensity so your clients can perform at their best.